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Rick Hansen Wheels in Motion presented by ScotiaBank_Rick Hansen Institute_RonSombilonGallery_PacBluePrinting-EMAIL-WEB (434)
The 8th annual Rick Hansen Wheels In Motion, presented by Scotiabank, took place across Canada on Sunday, June 13.
photos by Ron Sombilon Gallery & PacBlue Printing
Wheels In Motion brings communities together and touches the lives of thousands of Canadians with spinal cord injury (SCI) every year.
Funds raised support a wide range of life-enhancing programs that allow people with spinal cord injury to fully participate in their community and live life to its full potential.
www.Wheels-InMotion.org
www.RickHansen-Institute.org
www.ScotiaBank.com
www.RonSombilonGallery.com
www.PacBluePrinting.com
.The 8th annual Rick Hansen Wheels In Motion, presented by Scotiabank, took place across Canada on Sunday, June 13.
photos by Ron Sombilon Gallery & PacBlue Printing
Wheels In Motion brings communities together and touches the lives of thousands of Canadians with spinal cord injury (SCI) every year.
Funds raised support a wide range of life-enhancing programs that allow people with spinal cord injury to fully participate in their community and live life to its full potential.
www.Wheels-InMotion.org
www.RickHansen-Institute.org
www.ScotiaBank.com
www.RonSombilonGallery.com
www.PacBluePrinting.com
.
Basic Description And Operation Of An Automotive Steering System
We all know that the steering system of a car is used to guide the vehicle in the direction we wish to go, but exactly how is this accomplished? The theory of operation is extremely simple (turn the steering wheel and the front wheels aim in that direction), however, a great deal of engineering and refinements over the years have made modern steering systems into a technological marvel.
Why does the average vehicle of today handle so much better than those of yesteryear? Over time, much has been learned about the physics that affect how any given automobile moves along the road. Wheel alignment, the geometric placement of ball joints, and the overall design of the suspension each play a major role in helping us keep our cars under control in a variety of traffic conditions. However, to stay true to the subject of this article, we will examine just the basics of the steering system.
The steering wheel is the first component of the steering system. It is round. This makes it easy to grip at any angle. Why is this important? When you’re driving along peacefully, minding your own business, and another vehicle runs a stop sign and pulls out directly in your path, you don’t want to have to take the time to find the grips on an oddly shaped steering wheel. You just want to turn that wheel as fast as you can to protect your family and yourself from harm.
Steering wheels are also made of materials that are easy to grip and the core is strong enough to withstand severe maneuvering yet weak enough to collapse when hit by your body in a frontal crash.
The steering column contains a shaft that is attached to the steering wheel at one end and the steering gearbox at the other. When you turn the wheel, that force is applied to the steering box via the shaft. Like the wheel, modern steering columns collapse in a frontal collision to avoid injuring the driver.
The steering gearbox is the most complicated part of the steering system and subsists in two common variations, rack and pinion and recirculating ball. Both perform the function of providing a mechanical advantage to the driver making it possible to steer the wheels even when physical forces on the vehicle are resisting that motion.
Rack and pinion steering consists of a small gear (the pinion) connected to the steering column shaft. The teeth of this pinion gear mesh with teeth cut into a long rod (the rack) which moves laterally as the pinion rotates. The rod itself provides the horizontal motion to steer the wheels.
In the more complex recirculating ball system, there is a worm gear connected to the steering column shaft. This gear has one long spiral groove machined into it and contained in this groove are steel balls. Depending on which way the steering wheel is turned, these balls roll along the groove toward the upper or lower end of the worm gear. The balls push against a sliding gear moving it along with them. The sliding gear rotates another gear connected to an external arm which provides the horizontal motion to steer the wheels. The reason for the steel balls is to reduce the force needed to turn the steering wheel. The balls roll along the worm gear instead of metal sliding against metal.
The steering gearbox is connected to each front wheel by means of a tie rod. Each tie rod’s length is adjustable to allow for proper wheel alignment. The tie rods are driven horizontally by the steering box and they in turn drive the steering arms of the front wheels, rotating the wheel assembly. The wheel assemblies are mounted on ball joints which allow the entire structure to pivot left or right as the tie rods move from side to side. The ball joints also allow for the vertical movement of the suspension when traveling over uneven surfaces.
Most vehicles today are equipped with power steering. These systems use all the components above, but add a hydraulic pump driven by the engine, and a bi-directional hydraulic cylinder in the steering gearbox. The pump provides pressure whenever the engine is running. When you turn the steering wheel in one direction, a valve is activated which applies hydraulic pressure to one end of the cylinder. Turn the wheel in the other direction and the pressure is applied to the other end of the cylinder. The cylinder is attached to the steering linkage inside the steering box and transfers the hydraulic force to it to help steer the vehicle.
Now that you are familiar with the basic components, here is what happens when you turn the steering wheel. To put it as simply as possible, the twisting motion of the steering wheel is transferred down the shaft to the steering gearbox where it is converted to a side to side motion. It then follows the steering linkage through the tie rods to the steering arm of each wheel, rotating the assembly right or left depending on which way you turned the steering wheel, thereby controlling the direction of the vehicle.
1979 Ford Mustang
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Conventional lowering with big wheels and tires was not enough to make this car look sinister. I discovered that Clark had performed a mini "C-notch," which permitted his '79 to be so low. What's a C-notch? "I cut a notch out of the frame so when it is …
Allow Wheels question by flany13: Are there online casinos that allow spinning of the roulette wheel without placing any bets? For US PEOPLE?
I was wondering if anyone knows of any online casino sites that allow U.S customers, and allow you to spin the roulette wheel without placing any money on the table. So say if you wanted to use a system of some sort you could keep track of the outcomes so you know when to bet. Thanks
Allow Wheels best answer:
Answer by GamblingMaster
Thats not possible because the software these casinos use is almost the same for every casino and it spins only after you place a bet. But even if you counted something you must know that every spin has its own destiny, if 17 comes out 3 times in a row it doesnt mean it cant come again next.
You can check for USA sites at http://www.bettingwise.com/usagamblingsites.html
